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<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">CC</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Cardiol Croat</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Cardiologia Croatica</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="pubmed">Cardiol. Croat.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">1848-543X</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1848-5448</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Croatian Cardiac Society</publisher-name></publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">CC 2013_8_3-4_129</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15836/ccar.2013.129</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Extended Abstract</subject></subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group>
<article-title>The left anterior descending coronary artery ruptures &#x2014; examples from the practice</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Sicaja</surname><given-names>Mario</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Starcevic</surname><given-names>Boris</given-names></name></contrib>
<aff id="aff1"><institution>University Hospital Dubrava</institution>, <addr-line>Zagreb</addr-line>, <country country="hr">Croatia</country></aff>
</contrib-group>
<author-notes>
<corresp id="cor1">Correspondence to Mario Sicaja, Klinicka bolnica Dubrava, Avenija Gojka Suska 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia; Phone: +385-1-2902-444; E-mail: <email xlink:href="mario.sicaja@zg.t-com.hr">mario.sicaja@zg.t-com.hr</email></corresp></author-notes>
<pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic"><month>03</month><year>2013</year></pub-date>
<pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="print"><month>03</month><year>2013</year></pub-date>
<volume>8</volume>
<issue>3-4</issue>
<fpage>129</fpage>
<lpage>129</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Croatian Cardiac Society</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2013</copyright-year>
<copyright-holder>Croatian Cardiac Society</copyright-holder>
</permissions>
<kwd-group kwd-group-type="author"><title>KEYWORDS: </title><kwd>coronary artery rupture</kwd><kwd>Ellis classification</kwd><kwd>percutaneous coronary intervention</kwd></kwd-group>
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<p>Coronary artery perforation (CAP) remains a feared complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Here we present three cases of coronary artery rupture - all LAD perforations&#x2019;, which were treated accordingly. CAPs are classified according to the Ellis classification into three groups. Type 1 and 2 perforations are predominately caused by hydrophilic and stiff wires and do not require pericardial drainage or surgical intervention. Type 3 perforations are more often associated with stent and device use and can be initially managed by percutaneous methods, but might require surgical assistance. CAP complicating percutaneous coronary intervention is rare, and its morbidity and mortality vary directly with Ellis classification. Management discrepancies highlight the need to establish a uniform treatment paradigm for CAP (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figure 1</xref>). (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="r1"><italic>1</italic></xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="r2"><italic>2</italic></xref>)</p>
<fig id="f1" position="float" fig-type="figure"><label>Figure 1</label><caption><p>Example of the left anterior descending coronary artery rupture.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="CC2013_8_3-4_129-f1"></graphic></fig>
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<ref-list>
<title>Literature</title>
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