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<article article-type="abstract" dtd-version="1.0" xml:lang="en" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">CC</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Cardiol Croat</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Cardiologia Croatica</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="pubmed">Cardiol. Croat.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">1848-543X</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1848-5448</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Croatian Cardiac Society</publisher-name></publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">CC 2013_8_5-6_188</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15836/ccar.2013.188</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Extended Abstract</subject></subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group>
<article-title>Total isovolumic time, a marker of left ventricular global dyssynchrony, is prolonged with age</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Bajraktari</surname><given-names>Gani</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lindqvist</surname><given-names>Per</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Henein</surname><given-names>Michael Y.</given-names></name></contrib>
<aff id="aff1"><institution content-type="dept">Public Health and Clinical Medicine</institution>, <institution>Ume&#x00E5; University</institution>, <addr-line>Ume&#x00E5;</addr-line>, <country country="se">Sweden</country></aff>
</contrib-group>
<author-notes>
<corresp id="cor1">Correspondence to Gani Bajraktari, &#x201C;Rrethi i Spitalit&#x201D;, p.n., 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo; Phone: +381 38 500 600; E-mail: <email xlink:href="gani.bajraktari@medicin.umu.se">gani.bajraktari@medicin.umu.se</email></corresp></author-notes>
<pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic"><month>05</month><year>2013</year></pub-date>
<pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="print"><month>05</month><year>2013</year></pub-date>
<volume>8</volume>
<issue>5-6</issue>
<fpage>188</fpage>
<lpage>188</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Croatian Cardiac Society</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2013</copyright-year>
<copyright-holder>Croatian Cardiac Society</copyright-holder>
</permissions>
<kwd-group kwd-group-type="author"><title>KEYWORDS: </title><kwd>total isovolumic time</kwd><kwd>age</kwd><kwd>left ventricular dyssynchrony</kwd><kwd>Doppler echocardiography</kwd></kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
<body>
<p>Background and Aim: Total isovolumic time (T-IVT) and Tei index both reflect global left ventricular (LV) global dyssynchrony. They have been shown to be sensitive in responding to myocardial revascularization and in predicting clinical outcome in heart failure patients. Since most of these patients are senior, determining the exact effect of age on such parameters remains mandatory. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of age on LV T-IVT and Tei index compared with conventional systolic and diastolic parameters in a group of normal individuals.</p>
<p>Methods: We studied 47 healthy subjects, mean age 62 &#x00B1;12 years, 23 males using conventional spectral Doppler echocardiography and tissue-Doppler imaging. T-IVT was measured as [60 &#x2014; (total ejection time + total filling time) in s/min], and Tei index calculated as (T-IVT/ejection time).</p>
<p>Results: LV ejection fraction was 68 &#x00B1;6%, E/A ratio 1 &#x00B1;0.4, filling time 538 &#x00B1;136 ms, ejection time 313 &#x00B1;26 ms, T-IVT 7.7 &#x00B1;2.6 s/min and Tei index 0.41 &#x00B1;0.14. Age strongly correlated with T-IVT (r=0.8, p&lt;0.001) and Tei index (r=0.7, p&lt;0.001). Age also correlated, although to a lesser extent, with E/A ratio (r=-0.6, p&lt;0.001), but not bearing any relationship with global or segmental systolic function measurements.</p>
<p>Conclusions: In normal individuals, age is associated with exaggerated LV global dyssynchrony and diastolic function disturbances, but systolic function remains unaffected (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figure 1</xref>). (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="r1"><italic>1</italic></xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="r4"><italic>4</italic></xref>)</p>
<fig id="f1" position="float" fig-type="figure"><label>Figure 1</label><caption><p>The pattern of change in Total Isovolumic Time with increasing age (p&lt;0.001).</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="CC2013_8_5-6_188-f1"></graphic></fig>
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